La fonction protectrice de la formule de modification de la Constitution
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Le Renvoi sur la Loi sur la Cour suprême et le Renvoi sur la réforme du Sénat ont souvent été interprétés comme élargissant l’ensemble des normes qui font partie de la Constitution. L’auteur soutient que, dans ces deux avis consultatifs, la Cour suprême a plutôt mis en application la fonction protectrice de la formule de modification de la Constitution. Cela signifie que cette formule fixe des limites à l’action du législateur ordinaire. En effet, une interprétation historique et téléologique des articles 41 et 42 de la Loi constitutionnelle de 1982 conduit à la conclusion que les auteurs de la Constitution ont voulu limiter le pouvoir du Parlement ou des législatures provinciales de modifier certaines caractéristiques essentielles des principales institutions du régime politique canadien. L’auteur aborde ensuite les conséquences de cette lecture des deux avis consultatifs sur les réformes éventuelles de la Cour suprême, de la magistrature fédérale, du Sénat et du mode de scrutin.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.006 | 0.010 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.042 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.007 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".