Fukushima-derived radioactivity measurements in Pacific salmon and soil samples collected in British Columbia, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Despite the many studies that have shown minimal health risks to individuals living outside of Japan following the Fukushima Nuclear Accident, there are persisting concerns regarding the consumption of Pacific seafood that may be contaminated with radioactive species from Fukushima. To address these concerns, the activity concentrations of anthropogenic 134 Cs and 137 Cs, as well as naturally occurring 40 K, were measured in Pacific salmon collected from Kilby Provincial Park, British Columbia (BC), in 2013 and from the Quesnel River, BC, in 2014 using low-background gamma-ray spectroscopy. In addition, soil samples and a single roof-debris sample were collected and analysed to provide a record of Fukushima-derived contamination in BC. Cesium-134 was not detected in the salmon samples. Cesium-137 was not detected in any of the sockeye or chum samples, although it was detected in all of the Chinook samples. The weighted average (±1σ) 137 Cs activity concentration in the Chinook salmon collected in 2013 and 2014 was 0.23 (3) and 0.20 (3) Bq/kg fresh weight, respectively. A conservative annual dose estimate for an adult who consumes the average Canadian quantity of seafood per year, contaminated with radiocesium at the maximum concentrations measured in this campaign, was calculated to be 0.054 μSv per year. Cesium-134 was detected in all but two of the soil samples. A weak positive correlation was observed between presence of 134 Cs and of 7 Be suggesting that the 134 Cs arrived via atmospheric deposition. Cesium-137 was present in every soil sample, although the total radiocesium activity concentrations measured were significantly less than action levels set by Health Canada.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".