Predictable and distinguishable morphing of vibrotactile rhythm
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Vibrotactile (VT) icons are a ubiquitous, increasingly expressive and expected communicative element of many user interfaces, routinely deployed with technology from rumble motors to novel expressive tactile actuators. However, it is still difficult to design, customize, and experiment with VT feedback. Here we consider manipulation of one of the most salient VT design elements, rhythm, through perceptual morphing. The ability to create perceptual morphs between pairs of VT signal parents expands editorial scope and precision for designers, end-users, and hapticians. To assess perceptual morphs, we propose criteria of predictability - a morph has similarities to one or both parents; and distinguishability - a morph is different from its parents. We developed a new algorithm for perceptual rhythm morphing based on dynamic-time warping (DTW), implemented in an open-source online tool, MacaronMix. Two studies revealed limits and conditions under which DTW-produced VT rhythm morphs are predictable and distinguishable.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".