A comparison of two-dimensional and three-dimensional flow structures over artificial pool-riffle sequences
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Experiments have been carried out in a flume with one 2D pool-riffle sequence and one 3D pool-riffle sequence, respectively. Objectives of this study are to determine whether or not the convergence of lateral flow exists. Variations of the near-bed shear stress have been studied. The characteristics of the secondary currents along a pool-riffle sequence have been investigated. Results showed that for the 3D pool-riffle sequence, the near-bed velocity decreases along convective deceleration flow (CDF) and increases along convective acceleration flow (CAF), respectively. It is found that the shear velocities estimated from the slope of the velocity gradient in the inner layer, decrease in the CDF section, and increase in the CAF section in the 3D pool-riffle sequences. The Reynolds shear stress is highest at the CDF section along longitudinal lines with distances of 10 cm and 20 cm away from the channel wall.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".