First record of the genus Bunops Birge, 1893 (Cladocera: Macrothricidae) in the Neotropical highlands of Mexico with a detailed study of morphology and DNA barcodes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
For the first time, the genus Bunops Birge, 1893 (Crustacea: Cladocera) has been found in the Neotropics of Mexico. It was found in only one pond in the Central Mexican Plateau, characterized by its high altitude, more than 2500 m above sea level. The specimens, corresponding to Bunops cf. serricaudata, are described here, including parthenogenetic and ephippial females, and males, using both morphological and molecular methods (DNA barcoding). The new micro-structural characters added here are: a detailed description of the internal part of valves in parthenogenetic females, the fine structure of all limbs, peculiarities of the ephippial female and males including new microcharacters of the first antenna and the hook on the first limb. We also include sequences of the COI mitochondrial gene (known as DNA barcode) and compare them with other macrotricids. With this new information, we hope to understand further this enigmatic and elusive genus and facilitate future research and comparisons at the global level.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".