Enhancing the alkaline peroxide mechanical pulp strength by cationization with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Alkaline peroxide mechanical pulp (APMP) is a newly emerging high yield pulp (HYP) with numerous advantages. However, the drawback of the alkaline peroxide mechanical pulp from untreated plant biomass is its poor network strength. In this work, 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CHPTAC) modification was proposed to enhance pulp network strength by fiber surface modification that could enhance fiber bonding. Three factors were analyzed by response surface methodology (RSM) to optimize treatment conditions based on factorial designs. The results showed that the optimal conditions were CHPTAC dosage of 0.8% (oven-dry pulp), NaOH dosage of 0.1% (oven-dry pulp), and pulp concentration of 8%. The modified pulp fibers were characterized by elemental analysis, charge density analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal gravity analysis (TGA), and internal bond strength analysis, as well as zero span tensile analysis. The physical strength of the modified APMP pulp was increased in terms of tensile index, tear index, and burst index. After modification, the tensile index, tear index, and burst index increased by 35.3%, 29.2%, and 16.7% respectively. The internal bonding strength increased by 144.4%; however, the increase of zero span tensile index of modified pulp fibers was insignificant.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".