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Measurement of Charged-Particle Multiplicities in Gluon and Quark Jets in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mover accent="true"><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mo>¯</mml:mo></mml:mover></mml:math>Collisions at<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msqrt><mml:mi>s</mml:mi></mml:msqrt><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>1.8</mml:mn><mml:mtext> </mml:mtext><mml:mi>TeV</mml:mi></mml:math>
D. Acosta, A. A. Affolder, M. G. Albrow, D. Ambrose, D. Amidei, K. Anikeev, J. Antoš, G. Apollinari, T. Arisawa, A. Artikov, W. Ashmanskas, F. Azfar, P. Azzi, H. Bachacou, W. Badgett, A. Barbaro-Galtieri, V. E. Barnes, B. A. Barnett, S. Baroiant, M. Barone, G. Bauer, F. Bedeschi, S. Behari, S. Belforte, W. H. Bell, G. Bellettini, J. Bellinger, D. Benjamin, A. Beretvas, A. Bhatti, M. Binkley, D. Bisello, M. Bishai, R. E. Blair, C. Blocker, K. Bloom, B. Blumenfeld, A. Bocci, A. Bodek, G. Bolla, A. Bolshov, D. Bortoletto, J. Boudreau, C. Bromberg, E. Brubaker, J. Budagov, H. S. Budd, K. Burkett, G. Busetto, K. L. Byrum, M. Campbell, W. Carithers, D. Carlsmith, A. Castro, D. Cauz, A. Cerri, J. Chapman, C. Chen, Y. C. Chen, M. Chertok, G. Chiarelli, G. Chlachidze, F. Chlebana, M. L. Chu, J. Y. Chung, W. H. Chung, Y. S. Chung, C. I. Ciobanu, A. Clark, M. Coca, A. Connolly, M. E. Convery, J. Conway, M. Cordelli, J. Cranshaw, R. Culbertson, D. Dagenhart, S. D’Auria, P. de Barbaro, S. De Cecco, S. Dell’Agnello, M. Dell’Orso, S. Demers, L. Demortier, M. Deninno, D. De Pedis, P. F. Derwent, C. Dionisi, J. Dittmann, A. Dominguez, S. Donati, M. D’Onofrio, T. Dorigo, N. Eddy, R. Erbacher, D. Errede, S. Errede, R. Eusebi, S. M. Farrington, R. G. Feild, J. P. Fernández, C. Ferretti, R. D. Field, I. Fiori, B. Flaugher, L. R. Flores Castillo, G. W. Foster, M. Franklin, J. I. Friedman, I. Furic, M. Gallinaro, M. Garcia-Sciveres, A. F. Garfinkel, C. Gay, D. W. Gerdes, E. Gerstein, S. Giagu, P. Giannetti, K. Giolo, M. P. Giordani, P. Giromini, V. Glagolev, D. Glenzinski, M. Gold, N. Goldschmidt, J. Goldstein, G. Gómez, M. Goncharov, I. Gorelov, A. T. Goshaw, Y. Gotra, K. Goulianos, A. Gresele, C. Grosso-Pilcher, M. Guenther, J. Guimarães da Costa, C. Haber, S. R. Hahn, E. Halkiadakis, R. Handler, F. Happacher, K. Hara, R. M. Harris, F. Hartmann, K. Hatakeyama, J. J. Heinrich, M. Hennecke, M. Herndon, C. Hill, A. Höcker, K. D. Hoffman, S. Hou, T. B. Huffman, R. E. Hughes, J. Huston, Ç. İşsever, J. Incandela, G. Introzzi, M. Iori, A. Ivanov, Y. Iwata, B. Iyutin, E. James, M. Jones, T. Kamon, J. H. Kang, M. Karagöz Ünel, S. Kartal, H. Kasha, Y. Kato, R. D. Kennedy, R. Kephart, B. Kilminster, D. H. Kim, Hacksung Kim, M. J. Kim, S. B. Kim, S. H. Kim, T. H. Kim, Young‐Keun Kim, M. Kirby, L. Kirsch, S. Klimenko, P. Koehn, K. Kondo, J. Konigsberg, A. Korn, A. Korytov, J. Kroll, M. C. Kruse, V. Krutelyov, S. E. Kuhlmann, N. Kuznetsova, A. T. Laasanen, S. Lami, S. Lammel, M. Lancaster, K. Lannon, R. L. Lander, A. Lath, G. Latino, T. LeCompte, Y. Le, J. Lee, S. W. Lee, N. Leonardo, S. Leone, J. D. Lewis, K. Li, C. Lin, M. Lindgren, T. M. Liss, T. Liu, D. O. Litvintsev, A. Loginov, M. Loreti, D. Lucchesi, P. Lukens, L. Lyons, J. Lys, R. Madrak, K. Maeshima, P. Maksimovic, L. Malferrari, M. Mangano, G. Manca, M. Mariotti, M. Martín, A. J. Martin, V. Martin, M. Martı́nez, P. Mazzanti, K. S. McFarland, P. McIntyre, M. Menguzzato, A. Menzione, P. Merkel, C. Mesropian, A. Meyer, T. Miao, Robert F. Miller, J. S. Miller, S. Miscetti, G. Mitselmakher, N. Moggi, R. W. Moore, T. Moulik, M. Mulhearn, A. Mukherjee, Th. Müller, A. Munar, P. Murat, J. Nachtman, S. Nahn, I. Nakano, R. Napora, F. Niell, Charles A. Nelson, T. Nelson, C. Neu, M. S. Neubauer, C. Newman-Holmes, T. Nigmanov, L. Nodulman, S. H. Oh, Y. D. Oh, T. Ohsugi, T. Okusawa, W. Orejudos, C. Pagliarone, F. Palmonari, R. Paoletti, V. Papadimitriou, J. Patrick, G. Pauletta, M. Paulini, T. Pauly, C. Paus, D. E. Pellett, A. Penzo, T. J. Phillips, G. Piacentino, K. Pitts, R. Plunkett, A. Pompǒ, L. Pondrom, G. Pope, T. Pratt, F. Prokoshin, A. Pronko, J. Proudfoot, F. Ptohos, O. Poukhov, G. Punzi, J. Rademacker, A. Rakitine, F. Ratnikov, H. Ray, A. Reichold, P. Renton, M. Rescigno, F. Rimondi, L. Ristori, W. J. Robertson, T. Rodrigo, S. Rolli, L. Rosenson, R. Roser, R. Rossin, C. Rott, A. Roy, A. Ruiz-Jimeno, D. Ryan, A. Safonov, R. St. Denis, W. K. Sakumoto, D. Saltzberg, C. Sánchez, A. Sansoni, L. Santi, S. Sarkar, P. Savard, A. Savoy-Navarro, P. Schlabach, E. E. Schmidt, M. P. Schmidt, M. Schmitt, L. Scodellaro, A. Scribano, A. Sedov, S. C. Seidel, Y. Seiya, A. Semenov, F. Semeria, M. Shapiro, P. F. Shepard, T. Shibayama, M. Shimojima, M. J. Shochet, A. Sidoti, A. Sill, P. Sinervo, A. J. Slaughter, K. Śliwa, F. D. Snider, R. Snihur, M. Spezziga, F. Spinella, M. Spiropulu, L. Spiegel, A. Stefanini, J. Strologas, D. Stuart, A. Sukhanov, K. Sumorok, T. Suzuki, R. Takashima, K. Takikawa, M. Tanaka, M. Tecchio, R. J. Tesarek, P. K. Teng, K. Terashi, S. Tether, J. Thom, A. S. Thompson, E. Thomson, P. Tipton, S. Tkaczyk, D. Toback, K. Tollefson, D. Tonelli, M. Tönnesmann, H. Toyoda, W. Trischuk, J. Tseng, D. Tsybychev, N. Turini, F. Ukegawa, T. Unverhau, T. Vaiciulis, A. Varganov, E. Vataga, S. Vejcik, G. Velev, G. Veramendi, R. Vidal, I. Vila, I. Volobouev, M. von der Mey, R. G. Wagner, R. L. Wagner, W. Wagner, Z. Wan, C Wang, Mj Wang, S. M. Wang, B. F. L. Ward, S. Waschke, D. Waters, T. Watts, M. Weber, W. C. Wester, B. Whitehouse, A. B. Wicklund, E. Wicklund, H. H. Williams, P. Wilson, B. L. Winer, S. Wolbers, M. W. Wolter, S. D. Worm, X. Wu, F. Würthwein, U. K. Yang, W. Yao, G. P. Yeh, K. Yi, J. Yoh, T. Yoshida, I. Yu, S. S. Yu, J. C. Yun, L. Zanello, A. Zanetti, F. Zetti, S. Zucchelli
Bibliographic record
VenuePhysical Review Letters · 2005
Typearticle
Languagelv
FieldPhysics and Astronomy
TopicParticle physics theoretical and experimental studies
Canadian institutionsInstitute of Particle PhysicsUniversity of Toronto
FundersNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of CanadaIstituto Nazionale di Fisica NucleareNational Science CouncilAlfred P. Sloan FoundationFermilabU.S. Department of EnergyMinistry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and TechnologyNational Science Foundation
KeywordsPhysicsParticle physicsGluonCollider Detector at FermilabTevatronQuantum chromodynamicsTop quarkFermilabNuclear physicsStandard Model (mathematical formulation)ColliderJet (fluid)Perturbative QCDQuarkLarge Hadron ColliderGauge (firearms)
Abstract
We report the first largely model independent measurement of charged particle multiplicities in quark and gluon jets, Nq and Ng, produced at the Fermilab Tevatron in pp collisions with a center-of-mass energy of 1.8 TeV and recorded by the Collider Detector at Fermilab. The measurements are made for jets with average energies of 41 and 53 GeV by counting charged particle tracks in cones with opening angles of theta(c) = 0.28, 0.36, and 0.47 rad around the jet axis. The corresponding jet hardness Q = Ejet theta c varies in the range from 12 to 25 GeV. At Q = 19.2 GeV, the ratio of multiplicities r = Ng/Nq is found to be 1.64+/-0.17, where statistical and systematic uncertainties are added in quadrature. The results are in agreement with resummed perturbative QCD calculations.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: Bench or experimental
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.004
Threshold uncertainty score0.014
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
Opus teacher head0.021
GPT teacher head0.261
Teacher spread0.240 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation status
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designBench or experimental
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".
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Citations16
Published2005
Admission routes2
Has abstractyes