Nonsequential double ionization of helium in IR+XUV two-color laser fields: Collision-ionization process
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We investigate the nonsequential double ionization (NSDI) process of an atom in IR+XUV two-color intense laser fields, where the photon energy of the XUV laser is higher than the atomic ionization threshold. By using the frequency-domain theory, we consider the NSDI as a process caused by the collision-ionization mechanism and obtain the NSDI spectrum that presents a multiplateau structure. With the help of channel analysis, we find that the height of a plateau in the NSDI spectrum is determined by the number of XUV photons absorbed by the electrons. Furthermore, to explain the interference structure in the NSDI spectrum, we also compare the contributions of forward and backward collisions to the NSDI probability. We find that the forward collision dominates the contributions to the NSDI when two electrons are ejected along the same direction and both forward and backward collisions make a comparable contribution to NSDI when the two electrons are ejected along opposite directions. By applying the saddle-point approximation, we obtain an energy-circle formula, which may illustrate the formation of the NSDI spectrum structure.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".