X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy and Magnetism of Synthetic Greigite and Greigite Magnetosomes in Magnetotactic Bacteria
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Scanning transmission X-ray microscopy at the Fe 2p (L2,3), O1s, C1s, and S2p edges was used to study greigite magnetosomes and other cellular content of a magnetotactic bacterium known as a multicellular magnetotactic prokaryote (MMP). X-ray absorption spectrum (XAS) and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) spectra of greigite (Fe3S4) nanoparticles, synthesized via a hydrothermal method, were measured. Although XAS of the synthetic greigite nanoparticles and biotic magnetosome crystals in MMPs are slightly different due to partial oxidation of the MMP greigite, the XMCD spectra of the two materials are in good agreement. The Fe 2p XAS and XMCD spectra of Fe3S4 are quite different from those of its oxygen analog, magnetite (Fe3O4), suggesting Fe3S4 has a different electronic and magnetic structure than Fe3O4 despite having the same crystal structure. Sulfate and sulfide species were also identified in MMPs, both of which are likely involved in sulfur metabolism.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".