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Bibliographic record
Abstract
We consider the interactions in a mesonic system, referred here to as ‘tetron’, consisting of two heavy quarks and two lighter antiquarks (which may still be heavy in the scale of QCD), i.e. generally <math><msub is="true"><mrow is="true"><mi is="true">Q</mi></mrow><mrow is="true"><mi is="true">a</mi></mrow></msub><msub is="true"><mrow is="true"><mi is="true">Q</mi></mrow><mrow is="true"><mi is="true">b</mi></mrow></msub><msub is="true"><mrow is="true"><mover accent="true" is="true"><mrow is="true"><mi is="true">q</mi></mrow><mrow is="true"><mo stretchy="false" is="true">¯</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mrow is="true"><mi is="true">c</mi></mrow></msub><msub is="true"><mrow is="true"><mover accent="true" is="true"><mrow is="true"><mi is="true">q</mi></mrow><mrow is="true"><mo stretchy="false" is="true">¯</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mrow is="true"><mi is="true">d</mi></mrow></msub></math>, and study the existence of bound states below the threshold for decay into heavy meson pairs. At a small ratio of the lighter to heavier quark masses an expansion parameter arises for treatment of the binding in such systems. We find that in the limit where all the quarks and antiquarks are so heavy that a Coulomb-like approximation can be applied to the gluon exchange between all of them, such bound states arise when this parameter is below a certain critical value. We find the parametric dependence of the critical mass ratio on the number of colors <math><msub is="true"><mrow is="true"><mi is="true">N</mi></mrow><mrow is="true"><mi is="true">c</mi></mrow></msub></math>, and confirm this dependence by numerical calculations. In particular there are no stable tetrons when all constituents have the same mass. We discuss an application of a similar expansion in the large <math><msub is="true"><mrow is="true"><mi is="true">N</mi></mrow><mrow is="true"><mi is="true">c</mi></mrow></msub></math> limit to realistic systems where the antiquarks are light and their interactions are nonperturbative. In this case our findings are in agreement with the recent claims from a phenomenological analysis that a stable <math><mi is="true">b</mi><mi is="true">b</mi><mover accent="true" is="true"><mrow is="true"><mi is="true">u</mi></mrow><mrow is="true"><mo stretchy="false" is="true">¯</mo></mrow></mover><mover accent="true" is="true"><mrow is="true"><mi is="true">d</mi></mrow><mrow is="true"><mo stretchy="false" is="true">¯</mo></mrow></mover></math> tetron is likely to exist, unlike those where one or both bottom quarks are replaced by the charmed quark.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it