“Righteousness Exalteth a Nation”: Providence, Empire, and the Forging of the Early Canadian Presbyterian Identity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In Arcadian Adventures with the Idle Rich, Stephen Leacock satirises the fictional Presbyterian Church of St. Osoph. Implicitly critiquing the denomination's reputation for fractiousness and austerity, he observes that the congregation of St. Osoph's is so thoroughly quarrelsome that it has severed its ties to virtually every other Presbyterian group. St. Osoph's, Leacock irreverently elaborates, seceded forty years ago from the original body to which it belonged, and later on, with three other churches, it seceded from the group of seceding congregations. Still later it fell into a difference with the three other churches on the question of eternal punishment, the word "eternal" not appearing to the elders of St. Osoph's to designate a sufficiently long period. The dispute ended in a secession which left the church of St. Osoph practically isolated in a world of sin whose approaching fate it neither denied nor deplored. 2 Satirizing St. Osoph's -and, by extension, the larger Presbyterian community to which it belonged -was surely Leacock's chief objective. Yet it should not go unnoticed that his sketch also sheds considerable light on the Presbyterian ethos of the day. 3 Perhaps the most revealing aspect of Leacock's account is his depiction of the divisive tendency that beset this ill-tempered congrega-
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".