Source Analysis of Cortical Responses at Initial Cochlear Implant Use in Children who are Deaf
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Deafness in early development can alter how the brain responds to sound, compromising the restoration of hearing with cochlear implants. We asked how the naïve brain responds to initial cochlear implant stimulation in children who are deaf. Results indicated large variability in initial responses. Deafness associated with GJB-2 mutations led to more uniformity in cortical responses than other etiologies. Responses associated with GJB-2 mutations were characterized by a response peak with large contributions from temporal and frontal regions of the brain. This response may reflect an early stage of auditory development. By contrast, another response type, typical of normal hearing children, received less contribution from frontal regions. Through consistent cochlear implant use, frontal regions of the brain may not be as strongly recruited. Effects of deafness in early development are heterogeneous, which may reflect differences in etiology of deafness and different stages of auditory development.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".