Implications of the Ktunaxa Nation/Jumbo Valley Case for Religious Freedom Jurisprudence
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Ktunaxa Nation case that went to the Supreme Court of Canada (in December 2016) concerning the Jumbo Valley site — or what the community itself calls Qat’muk — is significant to the Indigenous community whose life is affected by whether the development at issue in the case proceeds. As the first Indigenous religious freedom case to be argued at the Supreme Court of Canada under the religious freedom clause in section 2(a) of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, it will also have a broader significance to religious freedom jurisprudence generally. Apart from the result of the case, the reasoning of the Court matters immensely. This paper explains why and how the case could have broader implications for religious freedom.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.008 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.035 | 0.023 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.011 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.009 | 0.013 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".