Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production from Seawater Using CdxZn1-xS
Bibliographic record
Abstract
gas has been shown to photocatalytically generated from pure water. With saltwater comprising 93% of the earth's water reservoir, methods to produce hydrogen from seawater minus the expensive water purification are desired. Cd 0.8 Zn 0.2 S has been proven as an effective photocatalyst for hydrogen production but it remains to be tested in seawater. This study provides proof of concept for hydrogen production from seawater using fresh and reused Cd 0.8 Zn 0.2 S upon irradiation with visible light and with the addition of sulfide/sulfite as sacrificial agents. The post-usage characteristics of Cd 0.8 Zn 0.2 S catalyst were investigated using SEM and FTIR. The rate of hydrogen gas production from seawater was up to six times faster than in distilled and simulated seawater for both fresh and reused catalyst. Reused catalyst showed reduced rates of gas accumulation. Catalysts exposed to non-distilled water showed marked changes in their SEM appearance and their spectral transmittance.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".