A Reflection on Parents’ Responsibility for Harmful Acts of Major, Foolish and Physically Disabled Children in the Islamic Jurisprudence and Iranian Law
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this research, we seek to talk about civil responsibility of parents for acts of their children with juridical and legal approach. The main problem is that whether the parents have civil responsibility for harmful acts of their major and foolish children or not. The parents have civil responsibility for harmful acts of their foolish children (minor or mature) until they have custody on them. In the opinion of most of Islamic jurists, the parents’ right and duty of custody on their children will be expired by majority and mental maturity of the child. In addition, the parents will be liable for damages derived from the acts of their minor or insane children until they have protection and supervision duty on them. In all of the cases, failure to take care of the incapable person constitutes the legal basis of the parents’ liability. It may be said that the parents have responsibility for any losses arising from their failure to protect and take care of their physical disable children.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.014 | 0.017 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.008 | 0.029 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.006 | 0.014 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".