The Influence of Arthritis in Other Major Joints and the Spine on the One-Year Outcome of Total Hip Replacement
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Although arthritis in other affected major joints and back pain are known to lead to worse outcomes following total hip replacement, to our knowledge, these risk factors have not previously been operationalized as a musculoskeletal morbidity profile. The aim of this study was to measure the influence of other major joints and the spine (as grades of musculoskeletal morbidity) on the 1-year outcome of primary total hip replacement. METHODS: The EUROHIP study consists of 1,327 patients undergoing primary total hip replacement for arthritis across 20 European orthopaedic centers. The primary outcome was the responder rate at 12 months calculated with the relative effect per patient for total hip replacement using the total Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score. The primary predictor of interest was different combinations of arthritis of major joints and the spine grouped into 4 musculoskeletal morbidity grades: 1 (single major joint), 2 (multiple major joints), 3 (single major joint and spine), and 4 (multiple major joints and spine). The confounders adjusted for were age, sex, body mass index, living situation, years of hip pain, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class, anxiety or depression, and preoperative WOMAC subscales. RESULTS: For this analysis, 845 patients were included with complete 12-month follow-up WOMAC scores. The mean patient age was 65.7 years, and 55.2% of patients were female. CONCLUSIONS: The involvement of other major joints and the spine assessed as 1 of 4 musculoskeletal morbidity grades had a strong influence on the 1-year outcome after total hip replacement. The effect size was large compared with other risk factors. Even so, the majority of patients in musculoskeletal morbidity grade 4 had favorable outcomes from the surgical procedure (>74% response to surgical procedures). LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".