Lost Wages Secondary to Ankle Arthritis in Patients Undergoing Ankle Fusion or Replacement
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Category: Ankle Arthritis Introduction/Purpose: Wait lists for consultation and surgery for ankle arthritis are often over three years in our Province. While waiting for surgery patients may become unemployed and lose income. Earlier consultation and earlier treatment may allow these patients to return to work. The purpose of this paper is to calculate the lost wages annually and over the remaining working lifetime of a cohort of patients, and use this to extrapolate the lost wages for patients undergoing ankle arthritis surgery in the Province of British Columbia. Methods: Using data from an ankle outcome database, patients under the age of 60 were studied. Employment was recorded at the time of surgery, at 2 years, and an average 6.7 years follow up. Using the MODEMS instrument, patients self classified as (1) working, (2) on leave of absence, (3) unemployed, (4) homemaker, (5) student, (6) Retired (not due to ill health), (7) disabled or retired due to ill health. Items 2,3,7 were considered unemployed and items 1,4,5,6 employed. Using annual rates of ankle arthritis surgery from our Province of 4.6 million people, the cumulative lost income was determined using the statistics Canada website (http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011). Lost wages were calculated from the time of surgery until 75. All figures are quoted in Canadian dollars. Results: 127 of 276 database patients (46%) were under the age of 60 at the time of surgery. The average age was 51 years. 61 (48%) were unemployed. 2 years after surgery the unemployment rate was 42% and remained a similar rate at mean 6.7 years after surgery. There were 140 ankle arthritis operations in 2013 in our Province. Using the database rates the lost wages the working lifetime of these patients is $ 22.8 million. Using prior statistics (FAI 2015) the total surgical cost of ankle arthritis surgery in the Province is $ 1.1 million (1/20th the lost income). The cumulative lost wages per million population per year for ankle arthritis is 4.9 million dollars, and the money spent on surgery is 0.24 million dollars. Conclusion: The lost wages within the ankle arthritis population is of concern with regards to productivity, as well as the mental health and financial stability of these patients and their families. Earlier access to care may maintain the employment status in this patient group. Once patients are out of the work force it is very hard for them to return. The money spent on surgery is 1/20th of the lost wages.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".