On Being a Second: Grace Wambolt, Legal Professionalism and ‘Inter-Wave’ Feminism in Nova Scotia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Grace Wambolt was the fifth female graduate of Dalhousie Law School and the second woman to practise law in Nova Scotia. She was one of the relatively few female lawyers in Canada (up to the influx of the nineteen-seventies) who practiced law following the push by the first female lawyers for the elimination of formal barriers to practice. This paper examines the similarities and differences between the “firsts” and those who followed them, primarily by looking at the life of Wambolt and her letters and speeches preserved in the Wambolt fonds located in the Nova Scotia Archives and donated by Wambolt herself. The paper concludes with a comparison between Wambolt’s efforts to obtain equality and justice for all women and those of the “firsts” who tended, for various reasons, to be less connected to the women’s movement. Grace Wambolt est la cinquieme femme diplomee de la faculte de droit de l’Universite Dalhousie et la deuxieme femme a pratiquer le droit en NouvelleEcosse. C’est l’une du nombre relativement petit d’avocates au Canada (jusqu’a l’afflux des annees mil neuf cent soixante-dix) qui ont pratique le droit apres la pression exercee par les premieres avocates et l’elimination d’obstacles formels a la pratique. L’auteure examine les similitudes et les differences entre ces « pionnieres » et celles qui les ont suivies. Elle s’interesse particulierement a la vie, a la correspondance et aux textes des discours de Grace Wambolt donnes par cette derniere et conserves aujourd’hui dans le fonds Wambolt aux Archives de la Nouvelle-Ecosse. Elle conclut par une comparaison entre les efforts de Grace Wambolt pour obtenir egalite et justice pour toutes les femmes et les efforts des pionnieres qui ont eu tendance, pour divers motifs, a etre moins proches du mouvement des femmes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.028 | 0.017 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".