Who’s Police? Examining the Palestinian Security Services’ role in Palestinian society and the peace process
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Palestinian aspiration for independence appeared to take a decisive step forward with the creation of a police and security force following the signing of the Oslo Accords. The Palestinian Authority’s Security Forces’ (PASF) role in Palestinian society over two decades has evolved along major political shifts, to both the benefit and detriment of the Palestinian people. The police and security forces represent both corrupt “Israeli subcontractors” to the occupation as well as a valued national security establishment, and a precondition for a two-state solution. The arrangement underlies a fundamental flaw; that of conducting a security sector reform in the absence of sovereign authority and local ownership of the reform processes, and under military occupation. This paper addresses the role played by the Palestinian security apparatus in Palestinian society from 1993 to today, and its function regarding the peace process, ultimately finding that the partisan nature of the PASF and its subjection to outside interests weakens the advancement of Palestinian statehood.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.008 | 0.008 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.006 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".