Rebellion in Black and White: Southern Student Activism in the 1960s (2013) Robert Cohen and David J. Snyder, editors
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The collection was sparked by the conference Student Activism, Southern Style held at the University of South Carolina (USC) in Columbia, South Carolina, in 2010.The event marked the 40 th anniversary of the takeover of the USC Student Union by students protesting the Kent State massacre and the United States military's invasion of Cambodia.It is reiterated throughout the collection that much of what we know as the Civil Rights narrative ignores the myriad local efforts that precipitated the well-publicized bombings, assassinations, and legal challenges to segregation.The volume focuses on the "long civil rights movement" in the South that began on Historically Black College and University (HBCU) campuses long before the 1960s, and whose impact extended afterward.But the volume also goes beyond that to describe counterculture efforts and "New Left" efforts by whites.The book consists of a foreword by Dan T. Carter, an introduction by Robert Cohen, and 12 chapters divided into four sections.The four main parts of the book are called a) Early Days: From Talk to Action, b) Campus Activism Takes Shape, c) A Cultural Revolution and its Discontents, and d) Black Power and the Legacy of the Freedom Movement.There is also a historiographical reflection by Doug Rossinow, and an afterword by David T. Farber.In "Freedom Now!" the first essay in part I, author Wesley Hogan suggests that the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) created a pedagogy for action that was adopted by northern would-be activists.Wanting to move from talk to action so that they could be more directly involved, northern students wanted to do something beneficial but, since they were white and unfamiliar with southern politics, did not know how.The New Left (composed of youth who were largely white and from northern states) learned lessons of rebellion from black youth and adults in 1964, which was known as Freedom Summer.The chapter by Joy Williamson-Lott titled "Student Free Speech on Both Sides of the Color Line in Mississippi and the Carolinas," examines the public institutional control and curtailment of freedom of speech, the press, and the right to assemble.This case study focuses on student government associations in various colleges in Mississippi: the University of Mississippi in University, Mississippi Vocational College in Leflore County, Alcorn University in Lorman, the Mississippi State University of Agriculture and Applied Science in Oktibbeha County, Jackson State College in Jackson, Tougaloo College in Tougaloo, and Mississippi Valley State University in Itta Bena.Often citing a fear of communism, white administrators and police authorities
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.013 | 0.010 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.009 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.005 | 0.007 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".