Reproducibility of peak oxygen consumption and the impact of test variability on classification of individual training responses in young recreationally active adults
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Summary This study investigated whether VO 2 peak is reproducible across repeated tests before ( PRE ) and after ( POST ) training, and whether variability across tests impacts how individual responses are classified following 3 weeks of aerobic exercise training (cycle ergometry). Data from 45 young healthy adults (age: 20·1 ± 0·9 years; VO 2 peak, 42·0 ± 6·7 ml·min −1 ) from two previously published studies were utilized in the current analysis. Non‐responders were classified as individuals who failed to demonstrate an increase or decrease in VO 2 peak that was greater than 2·0 times the typical error of measurement (107 ml·min −1 ) away from zero, while responders and adverse responders were above and below this cut‐off, respectively. VO 2 peak tests at PRE (three total) and POST (three total) were highly reproducible ( PRE and POST average and single measures ICC s: range 0·938–0·992), with low coefficients of variation ( PRE :4·9 ± 3·1%, POST : 4·8 ± 2·7%). However, a potential learning effect was observed in the VO 2 peak tests prior to training, as the initial pretraining test was significantly lower than the third ( p = 0·010, PRE 1: 2 946 ± 924 ml·min −1 , PRE 3: 3 042 ± 919 ml·min −1 ). This resulted in fewer individuals classified as adverse responders for Test 3 compared to any combination of tests that included Test 1, suggesting that a single ramp test at baseline may not be sufficient to accurately classify the VO 2 peak response in young recreationally active individuals. Thus, it is our recommendation that the initial VO 2 peak test be used as a familiarization visit and not included for analysis.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.008 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it