Depth of Origin of the Peak (Inner) Ring in Lunar Impact Basins
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Numerical modeling of the peak‐ring basin formation showed that the peak‐ring forms from the material that is part of the central uplift outwardly thrust over the inwardly collapsing transient crater rim. Simulations of the lunar basin formation showed that the peak or inner ring in peak ring or multiring basins, respectively, is composed of the overturned crust and deep‐seated material, possibly from the upper mantle. Numerical impact simulations were used to trace the depth of origin of material exposed within the peak (or inner) ring. We estimate the scaling trends between basin size and the depth of origin of material exposed within the ring. We also report on the likely crust, mantle, and projectile abundances exposed within the ring. Quantifying the excavation depths during the formation of the peak or inner ring provides a step toward understanding the lunar crust and mantle stratigraphy.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".