3-D Printed Customizable Inserts for Waveguide Filter Design at X-Band
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This letter presents the design of a customizable 3-D printed insert that can be placed into a standard WR-90 waveguide to realize an inline waveguide filter. These 3-D printed inserts have a significantly lower manufacturing cost and turnaround time compared to the conventional solid copper or bronze waveguide. A two-pole X-Band filter insert has been designed to demonstrate this unique approach. A Stratasys Fortus 400mc 3-D printer is used to print the exchangeable waveguide inserts with support material that is then removed using a basic lye solution. A seed layer of nickel is then spray coated on, and used to electroplate the inserts with copper. Measured results are in good agreement with simulation results for the two-pole bandpass filter with less than 1.05-dB insertion loss over X-Band. The weight of these inserts electroplated with copper is only 6.65 g. The ease and flexibility of this approach provides an excellent option for tuning and customizing filter designs with a fast turnaround using 3-D printing manufacturing technology.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".