COMMUNITY PREVENTION STRATEGIES FOR SPEED REDUCTION IN SCHOOL ZONES: WHAT ARE THE REAL IMPACTS?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Pedestrian injuries are responsible for most transport related fatalities among children, emphasizing the importance of implementing good practices to improve child pedestrian safety. Pedestrian fatality risk is directly related to speed. Accidents involving a car traveling more than 40 km/h have drastically a higher risk of death. The city of Sherbrooke and various stakeholders build up community-wide strategies based upon engineering, enforcement, advocacy and education to reduce vehicle speed in school zones to improve pedestrian safety, reduce injuries severity and promote active transport. OBJECTIVES: To compare the average vehicle speeds in school zones between school hours (7am-5pm, Monday to Friday) and the rest of the week (evenings, nights and weekend). DESIGN/METHODS: A cross-sectional study to measure vehicle speeds was performed during 26 complete days, in October and November 2015 after implementing community prevention strategies around 4 elementary school zones in the city of Sherbrooke. Vehicle speed measurements before the intervention were available for one school zone and used for a before-after analysis. RESULTS: A total of 130, 274 vehicle speeds were measured in fall 2015. The mean speed for all school zones was 36.9 ± 5.4 km/h between 7am-5pm compared to 42.7 ± 5.8 km/h for evening, night and weekend hours (p < 0.0001). Furthermore, we observed an 9% reduction of vehicle speed on 7am-5pm weekdays after the implementation of prevention strategies in 2015. The mean speed was 36.4 km/h in 2013 and 33.2 km/h in 2015. CONCLUSION: Community-based interventions are an efficient method to reduce speed during school hours. These strategies led to a reduction in average speed during other hours of the day and during the weekend. However, the average speed measured in school zones were not under 30 km/h between 7am-5pm. These strategies could help other cities to promote safe pedestrian environments and improve active transportation and physical activity among children.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.010 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".