46: Longitudinal Follow-Up of Temperament and Nutrition Risk in Preschool Children
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Nutrition plays an essential role in the growth and development, school-readiness and well-being of children. Temperament is defined as constitutionally based individual differences in reactivity and self-regulation. While temperament tends to be relatively stable over time, there is evidence that links between early temperament and child health outcomes are malleable. Temperament is increasingly recognized as an early childhood behavioral risk factor, and may impact screen time use, outdoor play and childhood obesity. The relationship between temperament and child nutrition is however less clear. The primary objective is to investigate if early temperament factors in preschool aged children are associated with later nutritional risk. The secondary objective is to examine the relationship between early temperament and later dietary intake and eating behaviour. Longitudinal data was collected through a primary care practice based research network (TARGet Kids!). At each visit nutritional risk was assessed with the total score of the Nutrition Screening Tool for Every Preschooler (NutriSTEP®) and its dietary intake and eating behavior subscales. In addition temperament was measured at each visit with the very short form of the Child Behavior Questionnaire including three domains: Negative Affectivity (e.g. discomfort, frustration), Effortful Control (e.g. inhibitory- and attentional control) and Surgency (e.g. impulsivity, activity). Multivariate linear regression modeling was used to examine the effect of the three temperament domains with changes in total score of nutritional risk, and dietary intake and eating behavior subscores over time adjusted for the covariates age, gender, neighborhood income, maternal education, parent BMI, and baseline NutriSTEP score. 693 children were included (mean age at baseline 3.1 years, 49.7% male, mean follow-up 14 months) with a mean total NutriSTEP® score of 13.9 (SD 5.9) at follow-up. For each one point increase in effortful control at baseline (mean score 5.4 [SD 0.7]) there was a significant decrease in total nutritional risk score (adjusted β −0.68 [95% CI −1.06 to −0.29]) and a healthier dietary intake (adjusted β −0.51 [95% CI −0.78 to −0.25]) over time, independent of covariates. For each one point increase in negative affectivity (mean score 3.7 [SD 0.8]), there was a small increase in poor dietary behaviours (adjusted β 0.01 [95% CI 0.00 to 0.02]) but no effect on total nutritional risk score or dietary intake subscore was found. No relationship with surgency was identified. Early childhood temperament impacts future nutritional risk in preschool children. Interventions to promote early effortful control in young children may lead to reduced nutritional risk.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".