Controle biológico clássico de pragas e a experiência da Embrapa na quarentena de bioagentes exóticos
Bibliographic record
Abstract
O controle biologico classico, refere-se a exploracao, introducao, criacao, liberacao, estabelecimento e colonizacao de inimigos naturais, com o objetivo de reduzir o nivel populacional de um determinado organismo indesejavel. Estes trabalhos envolvem a transferencia de organismos vivos de uma regiao para outra ou mesmo de um pais para outro, onde sempre se corre o risco de introduzir organismos indesejaveis, junto aos organismos beneficos. A necessidade de Estacao Quarentenaria e de primordial importância evitando-se assim a introducao de novas pragas, contaminantes, hiperparasitoides, plantas invasoras e fitopatogenos. O numero de especies importadas de organismos beneficos e outros fins no periodo de 1991-2015 pelo Laboratorio de Quarentena ?Costa Lima? (credenciado no pais pelo MAPA desde de 1991) da Embrapa Meio Ambiente, em Jaguariuna-SP foram de 773 especies, provenientes de 27 paises (Alemanha, Africa do Sul, Australia, Argentina, Benin, Canada, Costa Rica, Chile Cuba, Colombia, Espanha, Estados Unidos, Franca, Israel, Inglaterra, Japao, Holanda, Peru, Paraguai, Malasia, Mexico, Nova Zelândia, Quenia, Suica, Uruguai, Tailândia, Trinidad). As porcentagens de cada grupo de organismos beneficos importados foram de 38% de insetos (parasitoides, predadores), acaros predadores e nematoides entomopatogenicos e de 62% de microrganismos (fungos, virus e bacterias). O numero de estados da Federacao benificiados com essas introducoes para fins de controle biologico de pragas foram de 18. As porcentagens das demandas de registros dessas introducoes no pais foram de 52,17% pelas Empresas Publicas (Unidades da Embrapa e Institutos de Pesquisa), 24,36% Universidades, 17,40% Empresas Privadas e 5,8% pelas Cooperativas. Tambem O Laboratorio ?Costa Lima? colaborou nas exportacoes de 36 especies de organismos, sendo de 19 parasitoides (para EUA, Holanda, Japao), 16 acaros predadores (Africa, Sri Lanka, Colombia, Franca, Benin e Quenia) e um fungo (Africa e Colombia).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".