Predictors of Psychotropic Polypharmacy Among Outpatients With Psychiatric Disorders and Intellectual Disability
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study described psychotropic prescription patterns among adults referred to a psychiatric outpatient clinic for individuals with intellectual disability and determined demographic, clinical, and organization-level predictors of receipt of three or more psychotropic medications concurrently (psychotropic polypharmacy). METHODS: To identify predictors of psychotropic polypharmacy, a retrospective chart audit was conducted for patients with intellectual disability referred (N=517) to a specialized psychiatric outpatient clinic between 2005 and 2013. RESULTS: Seventy percent of patients were prescribed at least one psychotropic medication, and 22% received psychotropic polypharmacy. Women, those living in supervised residential settings, and those with a psychiatric diagnosis in two or more diagnostic categories were more likely to receive psychotropic polypharmacy. CONCLUSIONS: Polypharmacy is a significant concern for adults with intellectual disability seeking specialized psychiatric services, with multiple contributors to prescribing practices. Both psychiatrists and family physicians can play a role in the judicious use of medications for this vulnerable population.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it