A Multiple-Level Exploration of The Paradoxical Tensions in a Buddhist Temple
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Drawing on an ethnographic inductive study of a historical Korean Buddhist temple, we examine how Buddhist monks deal with the tensions of meeting the temple’s financial needs, while maintaining its isolated meditating traditions. Living with monks for three months, we conducted participant observations and in-depth interviews. Offering a multi-level perspective, we contribute to the paradox literature in two areas. At the organizational level of analysis, we find that the temple copes with the two sides of tensions by separating monks into two subgroups: business monks and meditation monks. Business monks shielded meditation monks by absorbing or blocking environmental pressures and freeing the meditation monks from organizational duties, while meditation monks enabled social legitimacy among business monks as members of a respected Korean Buddhist temple. The individual level of analysis revealed that business monks often suffered a psychological schism between their religious identity as a monk and their vocational identity as a businessman; meditation monks tried to remove tensions superimposed by the elements of tensions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.012 | 0.015 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.006 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".