POD Analysis of the Wake Development of a Pivoted Circular Cylinder Undergoing Vortex Induced Vibrations
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Vortex Induced Vibrations (VIV) of a pivoted circular cylinder with two degrees of freedom are investigated experimentally, focusing on quantifying the wake topology. Experiments are performed in a water tunnel for a pivoted cylinder with a fixed mass ratio of 10.8, moment of inertia ratio of 87.0–109.5, and a diameter-based Reynolds number of 3100. The reduced velocity was varied from 4.42 to 9.05 by varying the natural frequency of the structure. Velocity measurements were performed via time-resolved, two-component Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV), synchronized with cylinder displacement measurements. Time and phase-averaging are employed to analyze the wake development and relate it to the structural response. Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) is utilized to gain insight into the development of coherent structures in the cylinder wake. The observed shedding patterns agree well with the Morse & Williamson [1] shedding map except for the cases at the boundary between 2P and non-synchronized shedding. The results show that the cylinder follows an elliptical trajectory with equal frequency of oscillation in streamwise and transverse directions. For the 2P regime, the tilt and direction of trajectory affect the formation and development of vortices in the wake. This results in a distinct asymmetry about the wake centerline in time-averaged statistics.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".