Site and tree factors determining the distribution of <i>Phellinus tremulae</i> in <i>Populus tremuloides</i> in Utah, USA
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Populus tremuloides Michx. is an iconic tree of the mountains of the western United States. In Utah, it very commonly suffers from white trunk rot caused by Phellinus tremulae (Bondartsev) Bondartsev & P.N.Borisov. The incidence of this disease is affected by tree and site characteristics, but the magnitude of these effects appears to be site-dependent. To minimize harvest wood loss in Utah, we determined the locally important factors that explain the wide variation in the incidence of sporocarps of Phellinus tremulae. To avoid confounding of factors, we utilized a multiple regression approach. We found that while the incidence of Phellinus tremulae sporocarps on quaking aspen was always low at high elevations, it was variable at low elevations. Our logistic regression model indicated that variation in the incidence of sporocarps at low elevations was attributable, in part, to variation in aspect, slope, environmental stress, and tree age and size. Based on these results, we recommend that harvesting at elevations below 2500 m be confined to younger trees or to sites on relatively steep, north-facing slopes. Because of site-dependency, the same general method could be used to establish harvesting criteria in other regions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".