Bibliographic record
Abstract
The greatest private collections of William Blake’s1 works in Illuminated Printing were formed by William Augustus White (1843–1927)2 and Lessing J. Rosenwald (1891–1979).3 They had more copies of Blake books than even Blake’s chief patrons Thomas Butts (1757–1845) and John Linnell (1792–1882), although Butts and Linnell each had far more watercolours and temperas by Blake. Indeed, it is possible that White and Rosenwald had more copies of Blake’s works in Illuminated Printing than Blake himself ever had at one time. Lessing Rosenwald’s father was president, chairman, and part owner of Sears, Roebuck and Company 1908–32, and Lessing succeeded him as chairman for 1932–39. Thereafter, from the age of 48, he devoted himself full-time to collecting. Rosenwald began collecting Blake in 1927 when he was thirty-six years old. By the end of 1929 he had more Blakes than anyone else in the world. He continued to expand the collection for the next thirty-four years.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.008 | 0.020 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.006 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.010 | 0.007 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.010 | 0.009 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.009 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.040 | 0.013 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".