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Record W2765609641 · doi:10.12693/aphyspola.132.1030

Interaction Between Grapefruit Juice and Drugs

2017· article· en· W2765609641 on OpenAlex
A. Say, A. Ayar, Demet Çakır

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueActa Physica Polonica A · 2017
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldPharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
TopicDrug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsGrapefruit juiceFruit juiceFood scienceChemistryPharmacologyMedicine

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Clinically significant grapefruit juice-drug interactions are an interesting development in the last ten years of research process in the scope of drug interactions. In 1989 a group of Canadian researchers found incidentally that grapefruit juice, used as a carrier system, interacts with some calcium channel blockers, while applying alcohol during a study on alcohol-drug interactions, and presented it in Lancet as a "short report". In this report it is stated that this effect of grapefruit juice is specific and there is no similar interaction with orange juice. The grapefruit juice interactions with drugs and changes in drug pharmacokinetics, individual responses to grapefruit juice in the relationship between the drug concentration and the effect began to gain a larger clinical significance. Drugs interacting with grapefruit juice are metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzyme system in liver or intestinal section. Flavonoids contained in grapefruit juice inhibit the enzyme, bind as a substrate to the enzyme system and disrupt its bioavailability. Naringin is an essential bioflavonoid in the grapefruit juice. Naringin is not a potent inhibitor of cytochrome P450, but it is partly metabolised to "Naringenin" by intestinal bacteria. This substance is a powerful inhibitor of cytochrome P450 and it is believed by some researchers, that these are components responsible for the effect of grapefruit juice. In 2008 the number of drugs that can cause danger when taken together with grapefruit was 17. It has been reported that this number has risen to 43 in 2012. However, while the research of the possible effects of other not yet identified components of the grapefruit juice is still in progress, FDA has begun to put cautionary statement to many drug prescriptions.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesScience and technology studies
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.800
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0010.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.001
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.144
GPT teacher head0.450
Teacher spread0.306 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it