Crevice Corrosion of Grade-2 Titanium in Saline Solutions at Different Temperatures and Oxygen Concentrations
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Titanium alloys are candidate materials for the fabrication of high level nuclear waste containers but may be susceptible to crevice corrosion in the initial warm oxidizing conditions anticipated in a deep geological repository. The crevice corrosion of Grade-2 titanium has been studied in 1.0 mol/L NaCl at various temperatures (120°C and 150°C) and oxygen concentrations using a galvanic coupling technique. The current due to propagation supported by oxygen reduction on the surface external to the crevice was monitored electrochemically and the total propagation determined from weight change measurements. The redistribution of impurities (Fe, V, Mo) during corrosion was determined by dynamic secondary ion mass spectrometry. Propagation was dominantly driven by the reduction of protons created inside the crevice by cation hydrolysis. Damage accumulated at the locations of Ti x Fe intermetallic particles, which are both anodically reactive and function as catalytic cathodes for proton reduction. The compact TiO 2 ·xH 2 O deposits at active sites led to stifling of corrosion when only between 9 and 56% of the available oxygen had been consumed. While propagation was more rapid at 150°C than at 120°C, it was more readily stifled at the higher temperature, leading to the accumulation of less damage.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".