Localized Electroporation With Dielectrophoretic Field Flow Fractionation: Toward Removal of Circulating Tumour Cells From Human Blood
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents the design and experimental performance of a microelectrode-based device to selectively lyse cells in a flow in a microfluidic channel. Localized cell lysis is achieved by utilizing "irreversible electroporation," in which cells are exposed to high magnitude electric pulses. Localized cell lysis in a flow has research applications and may allow for the removal of harmful cells, such as circulating tumor cells from blood. Due to the dependence of this technique on the magnitude of the applied electric field, lethal electric field regions can be localized in the channel by the calibration of the applied voltage. Dielectrophoresis field flow fractionation is used to levitate target cancer cells in the lethal region of the device microchannel. Experiments are performed to demonstrate the localized lysis of MCF7 cancer cells in a mixture of blood cells. Due to their larger size, these circulating tumor cell analogues levitate to a greater height in the channel than erythrocytes. MCF7 lysis is observed to increase from 4.6% in control experiments to 57.3% in active experiments. Leukocyte viability was unaffected in active experiments. These results demonstrate the feasibility of localizing cell lysis in a microfluidic flow environment.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".