The Effect of NaCl on Anther Development in Pistacia vera L.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Plant growth and development are adversely affected by salinity. In order to study the effects of salinity on male gametophyte development steps in pistachio plant, an experiment was conducted in two areas in Golshan Anar with equal conditions: a control area (A) that was irrigated with fresh water well, and the other area (B) with salty water and EC values 14 dS.m-1 NaCl solution. A sampling of flowers was performed in two areas of Golshan Anar in the spring based on a completely randomized design with three replications. Male gametophyte development steps in pistachio plant were examined using conventional cell histology techniques and light microscopy observations and were then compared with samples subjected to no salinity stress. The results showed that some stages of male gametophyte development: (1) the anther undergoing normal development which is tetrasporangiate, (2) cytokinesis occurring simultaneously with meiosis in the microspore mother cell, the tetrahedral tetrads, (3) microspores being generated after meiosis by microsporogenesis were more or less irregular in shape during the contraction period. Finally, the abnormal shape and structure of the number of cases reviewed in three replicates of pollens studied can be one of the important factors affecting the decrease in the product.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".