Recent Advances in Phytochemicals in Fruits and Vegetables
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This chapter briefly summarizes the recent advances in phytochemicals from selected fruits and vegetables. Phenolic compounds, which are secondary plant metabolites, are commonly found in fruits and their products. The composition of phenolic compounds in fruits and vegetables varies considerably. Phenolic compounds influence the quality of fruits, especially contributing to their organoleptic qualities. Phenolics in vegetables may be present in both free and bound forms. There are two different kinds of organosulfur compounds present in Brassica vegetables, namely glucosinolates and S-methyl cysteine sulfoxide, derived in plant tissues during the biosynthesis of amino acids. Alkaloids are nitrogen-containing secondary metabolites found mainly in several higher plants. They are commonly found in the family Solanaceae. Two major glycoalkaloids in commercial potatoes are glycosylated derivatives of the aglycone solanidine, namely α-chaconine and α-solanine, whereas the major glycoalkaloid reported in tomatoes is α-tomatine, which is a glycosylated derivative of aglycone tomatidine.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".