Are SMEs with Immigrant Owners Exceptional Exporters?
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Immigrant owners possess valuable human and social capital from which small and medium-sized (SMEs) might derive advantages when internationalizing. According to this resource-based perspective, such advantages might be manifested in immigrant-owned SMEs’ enhanced ability to identify, evaluate, develop and exploit opportunities in international markets. However, an entrepreneurial cognition perspective offers an opposing view: insofar as immigrant owners are more prone to overconfidence than their non-immigrant counterparts, immigrant-owned SMEs might reap less financial benefits from internationalization. We pit the two perspectives against each other theoretically and empirically by evaluating a) the relationship between business owners’ immigrant status and SMEs’ export intensity, and b) the moderating role of immigrant ownership in the relationship between SMEs’ export intensity and financial performance. Based on a representative sample of 9,977 Canadian SMEs, we find that immigrant ownership positively affects export intensity; however, it negatively moderates the relationship between export intensity and financial performance, providing evidence for the entrepreneurial cognition perspective and the overconfidence hypothesis.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it