Study on rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder in patients with Parkinson's disease at early stage
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective To investigate the incidence, occurrence time and electrophysiological characteristics of rapid eye movement behavior disorder (RBD) in patients with early Parkinson's disease (PD), and the characteristics of motor symptoms and non . motor symtoms (NMS). Methods Sixty PD patients were divided into PD + RBD group (N = 42) and control group (N = 18) according to whether they were complicated with RBD or not. Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS)Ⅱ andⅢ, Hoehn-Yahr Stage, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD), RBD Screening Questionnaire (RBDSQ), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and polysomnography (PSG) were used in 60 patients. Results Among 60 patients, 42 (70% ) were accompanied by RBD. PSG showed that PD + RBD patients mainly presented upper limb stretching and gripping, body twitching, laughing, shouting, cursing and other non.violent actions, except 2 cases presented violent actions, such as hitting, kicking, etc. In PD + RBD group, the age was older (P = 0.024), duration was longer (P = 0.000), and UPDRSⅡ (P = 0.005)，UPDRSⅢ(P = 0.001), the scale values of Hoehn-Yahr Sotage 2 (P = 0.007), anxiety (P = 0.044) and depression (P = 0.001) ratio were all higher than control group. There were significant differences in density of mandible myoelectric activity (P = 0.000) and ratio of rapid eye movement (REM) without atonia (P = 0.000) between 2 groups. In PD + RBD group, 16 patients (38.10% ) had symptoms of RBD, earlier than PD occurred 5.20 (3.91, 6.51) years. Conclusions PD patients with older age, longer duration, more severe motor symptoms and non?motor symptoms were more likely to be accompanied by RBD. The severity of RBD in PD patients accompanied with RBD is higher than that in PD without RBD. RBD may be the early manifestation of PD. PSG has important value in the diagnosis of PD with RBD. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2017.10.006
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".