Geometrical effects on the load transfer mechanism of pile groups: three-dimensional numerical analysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper investigates geometrical effects on the load transfer mechanism of off-ground capped pile groups subjected to vertical load by four three-dimensional numerical simulations, including a circular single pile, an X-shaped cross-sectional concrete (XCC) single pile, a 4 × 4 circular pile group, and a 4 × 4 XCC pile group. The ultimate bearing capacities of the XCC and circular piles within pile groups are approximately 0.86 and 0.74 times that of the XCC and circular single piles, respectively. The group efficiency of the XCC pile group is mainly improved by its side resistance. Comparing the XCC pile group to the circular pile group, the increment in side resistance is almost larger than the increment in pile perimeter, indicating that the pile geometry alters the load transfer mechanism via stress concentration and lateral stress arching. A nonuniform load distribution on piles within a capped pile group causes a bending moment along the pile shafts. The bending moment of XCC piles is smaller than that of circular piles because the raft stiffness of an XCC pile group is increased by its larger circumscribing pile diameter.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".