Evaluation of an FASD Prevention Campaign Using Pregnancy Test Dispensers in Alaska and the Yukon
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background Alcohol use during pregnancy is a leading preventable cause of birth defects and developmental disabilities. Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) can lead to lifelong neurodevelopmental defects and disabilities. Alaska has the highest incidence rate of FASD in the United States. Many women in Alaska are consuming alcohol prior to learning they are pregnant. Over half of all pregnancies in Alaska are unintended. This study sought to test the utility of health education messages affixed to pregnancy test dispensers in promoting awareness of the risks associated with alcohol-exposed pregnancy. Methods FASD prevention messages were placed in women’s restrooms of bars serving alcohol in matched population centers across Alaska and the Yukon. In one set of communities, these prevention messages were affixed to pregnancy test dispensers. In a matched set of communities, these messages appeared only on framed posters. Participants accessed an electronic survey using a unique QR code or web link. Baseline and six-month follow-up survey data documenting FASD knowledge, attitudes, and risk behaviors was collected. Results and Conclusions A substantial sample size of 2,069 women participated in the study with a follow-up response rate of 61%. 567 women reported they may have been pregnant in the last 6 months, 70% reported consuming alcohol. 95 women were currently pregnant, 18% reported still consuming alcohol. In addition, 42 women reported learning they were pregnant as the result of taking a pregnancy test from a dispenser. 70% of respondents agreed that drinking alcohol during pregnancy affects the health of the child while only 41% agreed that using birth control can help a woman who drinks alcohol avoid having a child with FASD. The pregnancy test dispenser group scored significantly higher than the poster only group, indicating a better understanding of the FASD risks and also decreased their binge drinking behaviors compared to the poster only group. Key messages: Data suggests combining FASD education messaging with a pregnancy test dispenser in bars serving alcohol is an effective FASD prevention messaging strategy. The pregnancy test dispenser group scored significantly higher than the poster only group, indicating a better understanding of the FASD risks and harms.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".