Numerical simulation of MHD flow of micropolar fluid inside a porous inclined cavity with uniform and non-uniform heated bottom wall
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Buoyancy-driven, incompressible, two-dimensional flow of a micropolar fluid inside an inclined porous cavity in the presence of magnetic field is investigated. The nonlinear partial differential equations are solved by employing a robust Galerkin finite element scheme. The pressure term in this scheme is eliminated by using the penalty method. The results are exhibited in the form of streamlines, isotherms, and local and average Nusselt numbers for two cases, namely, the constant and the sinusoidal heated lower wall of the conduit. In both cases, the side walls of the cavity are cold and the upper side is insulated. The main difference between the two cases is observed from temperature contours. For constant heated bottom wall a finite discontinuity appears in the temperature distribution at the corners of the bottom wall. In contrast, no such discontinuity appears in the temperature distribution for non-uniform heated bottom wall. The quantitative changes in temperature contours in different portions of the cavity are identified by comparing the results for both cases. The code is also validated and benchmarked with the previous numerical data available in the literature. It is found that the magnetic field inclined at a certain angle either suppresses or enhances the intensity of primary circulations depending on the inclination of the cavity. Further, the average Nusselt number at the bottom wall is higher when magnetic field is applied vertically irrespective of the inclination of cavity. The analysis presented here has potential application in solar collectors and porous heat exchangers.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".