Effects of a very low pH solution on the properties of an HDPE geomembrane
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The effects of a very low pH solution (pH = 0.5) on a high-density polyethylene (HDPE) geomembrane (GMB) are evaluated using accelerated ageing tests. The GMB specimens were incubated at 65°C, 75°C, and 85°C for up to 19 months. They were periodically removed from the immersion media and tested for retained chemical, mechanical and physical properties. The antioxidant depletion rates obtained from standard oxidative induction time (Std-OIT) tests were consistently lower than that obtained from high-pressure oxidative induction time (HP-OIT) tests at the three temperatures. This difference led to two substantially different estimates of antioxidant depletion time. The relationship between Std-OIT and HP-OIT was non-linear. It indicates the importance of using both methods to assess antioxidant depletion time of GMBs. Crystallinity, melt flow index (MFI) and tensile test results show that physical ageing has occurred, but no significant changes in physical properties due to oxidative degradation were observed after 19 months’ immersion.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".