Criminal Responsibility in Canada: Mental Disorder Stigma Education and the Insanity Defense
Bibliographic record
Abstract
These online studies tested whether combining education about the Not Criminally Responsible on account of Mental Disorder (NCRMD) defense with education about mental disorders might encourage jurors to use it in a suitable case. In Study 1, Canadian jury eligible community members ( N = 370) were provided with mental disorder (vs. irrelevant) education, and NCRMD (vs. irrelevant) education, then read a fabricated NCRMD trial stimulus in which the defendant's mental disorder varied (schizophrenia, substance use disorder, depression). Results showed that in the trial involving depression, for the group who received mental disorder education, NCRMD education increased the likelihood of a guilty verdict. In Study 2 ( N = 407)—which featured a different case—again, NCRMD education combined with mental disorder education increased likelihood of a guilty verdict in the depression condition. These studies show that mental disorder education is a potentially useful tool, but can backfire in some contexts.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.008 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.007 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".