Design of Forward Looking Economical Monopole Antenna for Borehole RADAR Applications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper, the design of a forward-looking economical monopole antenna with an outer assembly diameter of 48 mm to be used for borehole radar applications is presented. Two comparable antenna designs, one with an air core and other with dielectric-loaded core is presented and their performance is compared for different scenarios. The laboratory experiment results reveal that both antennas have major radiation lobes along the axis of the antenna center conductor. The experimental testing reveals that the air-core antenna outperforms the dielectric-loaded core antenna when in air but it falls behind once it is tested in the borehole. The experimental work was performed in a shallow borehole that intersects sediments. A reflector, located at the transition between fluvial sands and lacrustine sand and clays was detected at a distance of 1.5 m. The air-cored antenna was unable to propagate energy forward and had strongest coupling to a surficial shallow casing.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".