Development of vortex structures in the wake of a sharp-edged bluff body
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The development of streamwise vortical structures in the wake of an infinitely long inclined flat plate is investigated using detached eddy simulation. The numerical model is validated by comparing with available experimental results. The spanwise vortices shed from the leading and trailing edges are captured near the body in the midspan plane and are shown to quickly dissipate in the downstream wake. The generation of streamwise vortical structures and their interaction with the large-scale spanwise vortices are elucidated using the λ2-criterion to identify the vortices. The spanwise wavelength of the streamwise vortical structures is found to lie in the range corresponding to the mode B instability reported in the previous studies of wake transition. The temporal evolution of the streamwise vortices is studied in the near-wake region. The spanwise evolution of the flow clearly indicates the role of the streamwise vortices in dissipating the spanwise structures. The streamwise vortical structures also exert an influence on the shear layer at the trailing edge resulting in a corrugated pattern during their development. Cross-sectional planes normal to the plate are also used to examine the interaction between the streamwise and spanwise vortices. This combination of two-dimensional velocity fields and contours (in planes normal and parallel to the freestream and to the plate) and three-dimensional iso-surfaces provides a more complete picture of the formation of the complex fluid structures in the flow around a bluff body.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".