Bibliographic record
Abstract
Antioxidants are substances present at low concentrations in food or in the body, which markedly delay or inhibit or control the oxidation of oxidizable substrate. Tocopherols/tocotrienols, ascorbic acid, carotenoids, and polyphenols are the traditional natural antioxidants, which are highly concentrated in fruits, vegetables, and grains. Antioxidant mechanisms of action include scavenging of free radicals, chelating of transition metal ion catalysts, reducing hydroperoxides into stable hydroxyl derivatives and interacting synergistically with other reducing compounds. Structural modification of phenolic antioxidants increased their application substantially in more diverse systems, such as fats and oils, lipid-based foods or cosmetic formulas, emulsions, and many biological environments. Ascorbic acid is a water-soluble antioxidant and its mechanism of oxidation inhibition primarily relies on its reducing potential. Ascorbic acid has been known to suppress pigmentation of the skin and decomposition of melanin and improve skin elasticity by promoting the formation of collagen, hence it is used in cosmetic and dermatological products.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.025 | 0.017 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".