Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ultrathin films of Nafion® have attracted significant attention in recent years owing to their application in a variety of electrochemical devices. For improved mechanical integrity, the films are often subjected to a thermal treatment step. In this paper, we report a variable-temperature Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy study of ultra-thin (14 to 660 nm) Nafion films on SiO<sub>2</sub>/Si substrates in the attenuated total reflection mode. A key finding is the dramatic increase in the intensity of the 636-624 cm<sup>-1</sup> doublet band, generally associated with CF<sub>2</sub> wagging or helix-reversal defect, observed at around 110 °C during in situ heating. This onset temperature provides a molecular link to the α-transition temperature of bulk Nafion and is the first time such an observation has been made using infrared spectroscopy. Smaller changes in the intensity and/or a shift of the other peaks in the region 1300-900 cm<sup>-1</sup> were noted.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".