Phylogeography and climate-associated morphological variation in the endemic white oak <i>Quercus deserticola</i> (Fagaceae) along the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Mexico is a center of diversification for the genus Quercus, with an important number of taxa occurring along the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt (TMVB). However, the impact of the interaction between historical and current climatic variation and geological heterogeneity in the TMVB on the genetic and phenotypic diversification within oak species has been scarcely investigated. We used chloroplast DNA microsatellites and a geometric morphometrics analysis of leaf shape to understand differentiation between populations of Quercus deserticola Trel., which inhabits dry highlands along the TMVB. Ecological niche modeling for present-day conditions and projections into past scenarios were performed to evaluate the influence of environmental variables on the evolutionary history of the species. Results showed high genetic diversity (h S = 0.774) and high genetic structure (R ST = 0.75) and the morphological subdivision of populations into two clusters, corresponding to the west/south and east/north sectors of the Q. deserticola geographic distribution. Ecological niche modeling indicated that the potential distribution of the species has remained similar from the late Pleistocene to the present. Seemingly, the phylogeographic structure of the species has been shaped by low seed-mediated gene flow and mostly local migration patterns. In turn, leaf shape is responding to climate differences either through phenotypic plasticity or local adaptation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".