Synergistic photoprotective activity of nanocarrier containing oil of Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq.) Lodd. Ex. Martius—Arecaceae
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Nanostructured vegetable oils have played a key role towards a major shift in sunscreen formulation. The organic ultraviolet filters, present in conventional products, can be absorbed through the skin resulting in systemic exposure with unpredicted effects. Thus, the long-term exposure to these chemical agents may pose a risk to consumer safety and health. Additionally, structural change or degradation of organic filters such as avobenzone may occur by the ultraviolet radiation (UVR) decreasing its absorption capacity. Nevertheless, the use of these products, at daily basis, is highly recommended for skin cancer and photoaging prevention. The bocaiúva oils contain a high content of fatty acids, polyphenols, oligo-elements and β-carotene. This feature has potential application as a natural effective strategy against the UVR. In the present study, nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) have been prepared by high-pressure homogenization technology using bocaiúva almond (BAO) and pulp (BPO) oils and cetyl palmitate, as liquid and solid lipids, respectively. The designed NLCs showed average diameters between 106.9 ± 1.6 and 188.4 ± 2.2 nm and zeta potential higher than 30 mV (in module). The NLC containing BAO (NLC-BAO) and BPO (NLC-BPO) presented avobenzone (AVO) entrapment efficiency (EE) of 75.2 and 33.3% w/w, respectively. Both NLCs presented similar EE for octocrylene (OCT): 82.3 and 82.5% w/w. NLC-BAO, co-loaded with the UV filters, allowed the increase in sun protection factor (SPF) of approximately 2-fold, from 14.1 ± 0.7 to 31.8 ± 0.6, after its incorporation into a hydrophilic cream base SPF 14. Surprisingly, NLC-BAO, without AVO and OCT, shifted the SPF of this cream base to 27.7 ± 0.8. Thus, NLC-BAO has the potential to replace organic filters preserving the photoprotection. This study shows a successful development of a nanocarrier containing bocaiúva almond oil to improve the formulation photoprotective activity. It can be a potentially superior alternative adjuvant to sunscreen products allowing the use of the renewable vegetable source.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".