Characterizing Recharge to Fractured Bedrock in a Temperate Climate
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Fractured bedrock aquifers can have large seasonal water table fluctuations due to their low storage capacity. This study uses a land surface – subsurface model, MIKE SHE, to investigate the spatial and seasonal rainfall-runoff-recharge dynamics on Gabriola Island, in a temperate region of British Columbia, Canada. The model results suggest that recharge averages 20% of the annual precipitation, occurring dominantly over 70% of the island, typically at higher elevation. Perennial seepage areas are simulated over 4% of the island, and are generally confined to breaks in slope in low topography areas. The high water table in late fall to early spring causes both seepage and saturated overland flow to contribute to more runoff. Increases in precipitation due to climate change leads to increased runoff (+36% to +40%) and recharge (+8% to +10%) relative to today. Recharge changes are most significant in winter (+13% to +16%), compared to summer (-3% to -4%).
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".